投影 projection* M9 {+ X" d/ f8 G8 G6 U* U 投影中心center of projection4 E% W3 _7 K% P3 l6 E" Y 投影面projecting plane2 U- R& i$ I6 s) x2 v/ ~. P/ ~$ Q 投影線(xiàn)projecting line 中心投影法perspective projection; E6 e$ l( g, {3 T& z) [2 h 平行投影法parallel projection. D9 P2 W" B* b+ v 斜投影oblique projection- N* l: ^! p# C! f% c1 X3 {8 y% k 正投影orthographic projection3 r& M3 ~) c% W. e2 U" Q 正投影面frontal plane of projection 側(cè)面投影面profile plane of projection 投影圖projection drawing" R% b& X3 i$ X8 d 三面投影圖three-plane projection drawing+ Q+ g) O: W* _ z8 s9 @ 投影軸axis of projection 投影特性characteristic of projection 不變性characteristic of true3 o9 _& f+ X& h4 ~ 積聚性characteristic of concentration% f1 i6 Z3 M8 O# @ 類(lèi)似性characteristic of similarity( d* j6 u; X1 c, q9 s ?6 Y' R0 v 視圖view% }, w2 V* A& o1 v0 g$ P 三視圖three-view drawing7 F) J) ~! Q- y9 _$ M 正面frontal plane% s9 j! t p- y5 u( F" `! i 正面投影frontal projection9 [1 F/ @, r, I2 S6 a% q 水平面horizontal plane& Y4 ~* W8 U( W! ^9 k }6 L 水平投影horizontal projection M6 [9 M- \- t$ f u 側(cè)面profile plane 側(cè)面投影profile projection 主視圖frontal view 俯視圖top view 左視圖left side view+ J; e2 P4 [1 E' [( x9 p% d$ U. E V2 M 立體solid' P/ A+ M! G! c- V% \6 B) U 平面立體plane body1 w* l% G' m' A Z* N5 a 曲面立體body of curved surface 回轉(zhuǎn)面surface of revolution5 C& J B; S2 X1 h 棱柱prism 棱錐pyramid2 v. q1 g: {; D7 g6 _9 ] 邊side7 d# g" `% M/ g7 g c* F9 y 頂點(diǎn)center vertex 棱edge 點(diǎn)point 直線(xiàn)line straight line 棱錐臺(tái)truncated pyramid frustum of pyramid# w" ?- x0 C9 J5 R9 M 重影coincidence of projection 積聚concentrate4 }1 |( s5 a3 N/ V) T 變形deformation 實(shí)長(zhǎng)true length 實(shí)形true shape 正平線(xiàn)frontal line 水平線(xiàn)horizontal line8 d3 e, M1 v- R2 W+ d3 v6 j2 X* s 側(cè)平線(xiàn)profile line% ~9 z Z/ |& B8 h9 U( J 一般位置直線(xiàn)oblique line: |( y' d' E' F& c4 I: z1 r 鉛垂線(xiàn)vertical line, frontal-profile line 正垂線(xiàn)horizontal--profile line 側(cè)垂線(xiàn)frontal-horizontal line' G& A- ?& X+ [ 一般位置平面oblique plane 相交intersection 平行parallel 垂直perpendicular 交線(xiàn)intersecting line, line of intersection1 A9 x! C# G4 @5 n0 i 交點(diǎn)point of intersection; ?2 @* o9 }$ C; l) b6 b 平行線(xiàn)parallel line 垂直線(xiàn)perpendicular line 交叉線(xiàn)skew line- y7 m: |% Y2 p/ ^ 長(zhǎng)度length 5 B. ` }) G i( ]$ E+ C5 R 寬度width' ]% Q4 d( Q1 _& G1 S* [+ ^ 高度height 組合體complex 基本幾何體basic body% z+ E- D1 U/ ~% g1 ~9 k7 W( z- M0 ? 相接built-up 相交inter section 相切tangent 相貫penetration: s8 w+ ?2 B U2 V 支架brace* o" P6 k. _9 f! R4 l9 T 底板bottom board 肋rib 支承板bearing plate2 I' z9 A2 q9 y Y3 T/ R+ m 輪廓線(xiàn)outline, contour line; E( ]/ ]4 J4 F, Y u O( }* C 底圖traced drawing 截平面cutting plane$ F& }7 V: f0 V1 k$ W 截交線(xiàn)line of section 二重性dual nature 平面曲線(xiàn)plane curve 圓弧arc I# H r# ~" b9 s6 o' t 橢圓ellipse 長(zhǎng)軸major axis3 I- o# C$ ~3 k 短軸minor axis 雙曲線(xiàn)hyperbola 拋物線(xiàn)parabola* G0 L, O V- i) t/ o- j# s9 n9 `1 T 圓circle 圓錐頂conic apex 相貫體intersecting bodies* g. I6 Q o) l5 B1 U+ \/ d9 e 相貫線(xiàn)line of intersection$ O6 D6 n% A4 i8 @3 `+ ]. E8 X( a 空間曲線(xiàn)space curve 截平面方法cutting plane method 輔助面auxiliary surface0 {' }6 z3 @- S3 y4 R8 Z- O3 K 輔助平面auxiliary plane4 R$ D% j+ ~* p _1 | 最高點(diǎn)culminating point5 P& C: V% q9 X 尺寸Size$ |, Q+ ~: E5 x8 Y: Z# f) i 定形尺寸size dimension2 P- G! W* Q5 t) Q: ?' K7 ~ 定位尺寸location dimension3 S2 L0 C, K4 X7 u; ]& z 左視圖right view 后視圖rear view, back view1 e4 s6 _3 A+ d6 B 仰視圖bottom view 輔助圖auxiliary view. s C a2 i* a 局部視圖partial view, broken view+ b4 a4 s9 I' x: f7 W7 p 斜視圖oblique view 旋轉(zhuǎn)視圖revolved view, aligned view% z! N0 J4 z; y" G* U 剖視圖sectional view, section) U' h( d) J- N" j) s2 E k0 V5 B 全剖視full section 半剖視half section 局部剖視圖partial section, broken-out section9 n- R/ j3 R L w4 ]+ t' | 斜剖視圖oblique section) C! `1 h. {! l: \7 e8 f' _ 旋轉(zhuǎn)剖視圖aligned section 階梯剖視echelon section, offset section+ m7 t( Z; v; D. ~" O9 g 復(fù)合剖視compound section 剖面圖section, sectional view 重合剖面coincide section, revolved section" ]3 d F- `+ C5 A( H2 W% n* N' { 移出剖面removed section 剖面線(xiàn)section line 剖面符號(hào)symbols for section-lining1 ]4 @: N! V1 A/ {+ J 習(xí)慣畫(huà)法conventional drawing 局部放大圖 drawing of partial enlargement) y C/ p6 V p) n- a% i4 I& a: ?8 O 零件圖detail drawing, working drawing 第三角投影third angle projection 粗實(shí)線(xiàn)continuous thick line, full line, visible line+ }7 c0 C- f5 @5 u0 v 細(xì)實(shí)線(xiàn)continuous thin line 虛線(xiàn)dot line, dashed line, hidden line 點(diǎn)劃線(xiàn)dash and dot line( J3 Y+ V z6 y! T! A' P/ u 雙點(diǎn)劃線(xiàn)double dots line 波浪線(xiàn)break line 斷裂線(xiàn) 剖切平面跡線(xiàn)cutting plane line7 k) a3 F. I. o/ R 尺寸線(xiàn)dimension line% m7 O9 a: e& [+ p1 `. G9 C4 ] 尺寸界線(xiàn)extension tine 尺寸dimension size8 _3 O9 ~: ^ g 箭頭arrowhead4 \% o, B0 e4 |* i 基準(zhǔn)datum% A9 S! h! ` f4 \" n 基準(zhǔn)線(xiàn)datum line 基準(zhǔn)面datum plane- C7 T- X1 N* b9 \ C& U f 中心孔central hole 中心距center distance 軸shaft, axle) s8 L0 o! I( L7 \ 孔hole 斜孔inclination 裝配圖assembly drawing 性能尺寸characteristic dimension 大小尺寸size dimension 總體尺寸outer dimension+ h2 Y2 u# u& } s+ x6 W* [ 外形尺寸 配合尺寸fit dimension 內(nèi)圓角fillet" o1 l6 N/ ^. H( P1 ` 外圓角round 尖角sharp corner 倒角chamfer 輪緣flange of wheel 緣、邊、環(huán)rim 軸肩shoulder 凸臺(tái)boss1 [) B$ R9 o8 L1 B& \% {) ~ 凹坑concave pit: _0 O! g% V1 n c 軸頸shaft neck4 i! z7 | w# ^3 @4 Q ` 輪轂hub' S; s$ h t& B, N 輪輻spoke, spoke of wheel 直紋滾花straight knurling s 網(wǎng)紋滾花hatching knurling/ m: l) m# {7 z0 D 鍵槽key-way# P6 @# S8 s+ [) W 退刀槽escape 拔模斜度pattern draft6 V$ |: f! L' `8 ~: P 填料盒g(shù)land box 油槽oil groove: ~2 R+ V' m2 z 油封oil seal 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件standard parts 螺紋thread 外螺紋external thread7 R) a. o* |/ g G, r$ @5 h% A7 | 內(nèi)螺紋internal thread8 o* ?% ]9 ]8 W4 m$ C& i 大徑major diameter# q9 c0 K# }* R1 ^5 f, M 小徑minor diameter+ k; S/ r& m6 R8 A/ j$ Z 螺距pitch of thread 牙型form of thread; a% n; u3 L, X: G 旋向direction of turning 右旋螺紋right-hand thread' p" c: w* F1 k- W 左旋螺紋left-hand thread 頭數(shù)number of thread. |7 I4 |$ L K) A& D 導(dǎo)程lead, l1 q- F& H9 J 粗牙coarse thread 細(xì)牙fin thread' I& ^" U* P2 c% F# Q2 ^& Y2 H 螺栓bolt 螺釘screw 螺柱stud7 i$ J* u$ W% b: S 螺母nut4 w' O% G4 Q0 R0 L' {% U( ^: W6 z 墊片washer 公差tolerance1 D4 t' D3 F0 S6 ?& P8 V4 S* m [' X 公差帶tolerance zone 零線(xiàn)zero line 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)公差standard tolerance 公差等級(jí)tolerance grade/ w1 B5 w8 |% w. e4 }! r1 V 基本偏差fundamental deviation 配合fit: s' `/ }# r7 F+ E) ^ 間隙配合clearance fit8 B: C9 y4 z+ i& G$ l& h8 Q 過(guò)盈interference 過(guò)盈配合interference fit' l4 U+ S4 S( b; d* X# r- { 過(guò)渡配合transition fit$ f, L4 ^, a: U; k$ C$ Z9 C* V1 ` 基孔制hole-basic system of fits : I0 ^- n; n P 基軸制shaft-basic system of fits 間隙clearance: ^! w1 t% R1 G! T" ~" F, h+ b 形狀公差tolerance in form, form tolerance 直線(xiàn)度straightness2 M- v6 G, g; P8 a6 F- z 平面度f(wàn)latness 圓度roundness 圓柱度cylindricity7 h$ H6 [. W# T, L# x' P2 W 線(xiàn)輪廓度profile of any line, N& x, }( A" D, C/ @+ k 面輪廓度profile of any plane 位置公差tolerance in position, position tolerances 平行度 parallelism* ]; R' X. G1 Z) K5 w" j2 a' Q/ H& t# u 齒輪gear+ e! t6 t5 E7 b2 v; l 圓柱齒輪cylindrical gear 正齒輪spur gear" q# U' b5 }9 W6 U. } 斜齒輪spiral gear( C1 G+ C* }0 I 輪齒gear tooth p) F. A2 u0 X" J1 y 節(jié)圓pitch circle 齒頂圓addendum circle, outside circle 齒根圓root circle, addendum circle 模數(shù)modulus 齒數(shù)number of teeth 齒高tooth height- E3 {+ @6 A5 y% J% @0 t; @" B% Z" s 齒頂高h(yuǎn)eight of addendum 齒根高h(yuǎn)eight of addendum# a' J/ u3 S. d z0 j# ~ 齒厚circular thickness) {( g4 e D2 y 齒間tooth space3 K9 V1 Q/ e2 Y 齒寬tooth width0 Y2 s) F6 s; Z0 i9 p 壓力角angle of pressure2 U: d! ?7 e' [: O 彈簧spring& x; `) g" Y8 C. }2 B' \6 } 銷(xiāo)pin1 X* q: H0 P7 G5 T 圓柱銷(xiāo)round pin: \0 o8 h5 o' V2 T- p 圓錐銷(xiāo)taper pin 開(kāi)口銷(xiāo)cotter pin, split 鍵key1 ]) O" s& c9 _/ C, w( V# K 平鍵flat key9 A5 K9 P' m' N/ j/ n 半圓鍵half round key, woodruff key 軸承bearing4 }3 s8 N& C6 X2 J6 M8 s5 X 滾動(dòng)軸承rolling bearing/ N) a% s. i- K. r H" c6 ^; ^% D" X 向心鈾承radial bearing 密封裝置sealing equipment 鎖緊裝置locking equipment9 G4 W# D3 w1 `7 X 粗糙度roughness 基本尺寸basic size 實(shí)際尺寸actual size 極限尺寸limits size 最大極限尺寸maximum limit of size 最小極限尺寸minimum limit of size 偏差deviation3 f" I9 w, x( V 上偏差upper deviation 下偏差lower deviation; n3 e$ b( q1 j' G! c' K6 u 垂直度perpendicularity 傾斜度angularity- K* [5 s! q; q5 h! J, q; {+ V 同軸度concentricity) `" ]5 c6 o7 r1 ~ [1 S- @5 l 對(duì)稱(chēng)度symmetry 位置度true position 跳動(dòng)run-out4 j2 e$ V7 ]$ t3 ]0 | 圓跳動(dòng)cycle run-out 全跳動(dòng)total run-out # y0 M% i/ l* X. \) v( i* T 軸測(cè)投影axonometric projection 軸測(cè)投影面plane of axonometric projection 軸測(cè)圖axonometric drawing 正等軸測(cè)投影isometric projection 正二測(cè)bimetric projection 斜二測(cè)oblique bimetric projection 軸測(cè)軸axonometric axis' G% ]5 A: j4 g: ^' U# ] 軸間角axis angle, angle between ales \& J% f5 B/ V1 k, |) |) \ 縮短foreshortened 軸向縮短率coefficient of axial deformation ratio of fore shortening for any axis. t8 J* N6 j* q) b. P( V 切割法cutting method, by cutting 方箱法boxing method: l% A9 ]) F0 `0 P: M& B! b$ t; _ 坐標(biāo)法coordinate method( `( ^( T- x/ e9 Z; \ 方框法enclosing-square method 四心近似法four-center approximate metho |
| 歡迎光臨 機(jī)械社區(qū) (http://www.hrhome.com.cn/) | Powered by Discuz! X3.5 |